Sign Language in Australia
Sign language is key to communication and access all across Australia. For most, encountering the topic for the first time is a Google search: "Sign Language Australia." At the heart of this quest is curiosity or a desire to learn or a need for information on how Deaf Australians communicate and interact courteously and effectively with others.
This article breaks down the components of sign language (Australian) and Auslan: what it is, where it came from, how it works, and how to start learning / teaching beginners.
What is Australian Sign Language?
What People Are Saying When They're Googling "Sign Language Australia"
The users who are looking for Sign Language Australia are usually also interested in answers to the following questions:
- What sign language is used in Australia?
- Is Australian sign language just like ASL?
- What's the native sign language of Australia?
- Is it possible for a hearing person to become fluent in sign language?
- How can I learn to sign Auslan?
This makes the search intent mostly informational, even for beginners - although there's some overlap with learning and service-oriented intent.
Is There Only 1 Sign Language in Australia?
There is no official sign language recognised by the Australian constitution. But, the official sign language of the Deaf community is Australian and one that public services, schools and courts, and the media use. The truth is that Auslan is the de facto (or at least, unofficial) sign language of Australia.
Overview of Auslan
Auslan is:
- A visual-gestural language, not a spoken language
- Used every day by tens of thousands of Australians
- Passed down by generation through the Deaf community
- Self-contained, with its own grammar and structure
- Not just English that's been converted into signs
Why We Need Auslan in Australian Society
Auslan is essential for:
- Education of the Deaf and equal opportunity
- Healthcare communication and emergency services
- Equity of access in courts and official branches of government
- The retention of Deaf culture and identity
Without Auslan, generations of Deaf people would effectively be excluded from participating in society. It is valuable for more than communication, as a symbol of inclusion, rights and cultural affirmation.
What is Auslan? (Australian Sign Language Explained)
Auslan is the language of the Australian Deaf community. It uses:
- Hand shapes and movements
- Direction and location in space
- Facial expressions
- Body posture
All in all, these parts explain visually.
Auslan Full Form and Its Definition
It's called Auslan because it is Australian Sign Language, in the same way that ASL (American Sign Language) and many other sign languages are referred to by their acronyms.
How Similar or Different Is Auslan to ASL and BSL?
Auslan is not international or a universal language. It differs from:
- ASL (American Sign Language)
- BSL (British Sign Language)
Auslan has historical links to British Sign Language, but it is a distinct language with its own vocabulary and culture.
How Auslan Developed Historically
Auslan is a natural language that emerged from the Deaf community of Australia. It was shaped by:
- Deaf schools
- Community interaction
- Generational transmission
It was not built or invented, but has developed, like any other language, through time.
Recognition of Auslan as A Community Language
Auslan is classified officially as a community language other than English and the Deaf community have achieved legal recognition of their linguistic rights.
History of Australian Sign Language
Early Deaf Education Provision in Australia
The first form of Australian Deaf education was established from the mid-1800s. Traditional schools made extensive use of sign language as the medium of instruction.
British Influence on Auslan
British teachers were instrumental in this process: many of the initial sign systems used in Australia were developed in Britain. What would become Auslan was very like, but not the same as BSL (British Sign Language).
A Brief History of Auslan
As Deaf Australians consolidated into their own communities, Auslan was formed with:
- Unique signs
- Local variations
- Distinct grammar
This is the factor which created a division between Auslan and BSL, because both started in the same way.
Recognition Milestones for Auslan
Important developments include:
- Rise of professional interpreters
- Auslan on television and public broadcasts
- Linguistic research providing evidence for Auslan as a natural language
Government Promotion and Support History
Government support increased through:
- Disability rights legislation
- Interpreter funding
- Educational inclusion policies
These victories helped to normalise Auslan in public life.
Is Auslan the Official Australian Sign Language?
Status of Auslan in Australia
Auslan is recognised but not constitutionally official. If we acknowledge it, that means it is enshrined in statute and policy.
Official Language Status Vs Recognition by the State
Official or not, Auslan is:
- Protected under disability legislation
- Funded through interpreting services
- Backed by education and media
In practice, it is the token of entry and complete participation.
Where Auslan Is Used
Auslan is used in:
- Schools and universities
- Courts and legal proceedings
- Hospitals and healthcare services
- TV news and emergency messages
Auslan in National Disability Policies
Auslan access is integral to national disability and accessibility systems, which supports its status. Its position on national disability and accessibility agendas ensures the carriage of Auslan access.
How Auslan Works: Structure & Linguistics
Auslan Grammar And Word Order
Auslan grammar is different to English. It could be topic first a lot.
Hand Shape, Movement and Location
Meaning depends on:
- Hand shape
- Movement direction
- Location in signing space
The smallest shift can make everything different.
Facial Expressions
Facial expressions are grammatical constituents of language, not ornamental. They show:
- Questions
- Emphasis
- Emotion
Role of Non-Manual Signals
Non-manual signals include:
- Eyebrow movement
- Head tilts
- Mouth patterns
They are crucial for correct comprehension.
Fingerspelling in Auslan
Fingerspelling is used for:
- Names
- Places
- Technical or unfamiliar words
Auslan Alphabet (Finger Spelling Guide)
Contrasting Auslan and ASL Alphabets
Auslan uses a two-handed alphabet composed of representative hand gestures, which is taken from BSL. ASL uses one-handed signing. ASL has its own syntax and grammar, a standalone language that has evolved outside of spoken languages (although it descended from French Sign Language). The very idea that Auslan signs are not directly drawn from ASL simply means that letter handshapes and movements will not be the same.
When Fingerspelling Is Used
Fingerspelling should complement sign language, not supplement it.
Common Beginner Mistakes
- Signing too fast
- Incorrect hand positioning
- Ignoring facial language
Tips for Practicing Fingerspelling
- Practice gradually
- Spell real words
- Watch fluent Auslan users
Common Auslan Signs for Beginners
Basic Auslan Signs
- Hello
- Thank you
- Sorry
- Please
Common Use Signs
- Family terms
- Food and drink
- Time and numbers
Emergency Signs
Being aware of the signs of an emergency can be particularly helpful.
Polite Phrases in Auslan
Politeness, facial expressions, and posture are used to indicate social presence.
Cultural Etiquette While Signing
- Maintain eye contact
- Attract notice with visuals
- Respect turn-taking
Learning Auslan / Australian Sign Language
Best Ways to Learn Auslan
- Official courses
- Community classes
- Online learning platforms
Online vs In-Person Classes
Do in-person learning with cultural immersion, or choose online classes, with flexibility.
Learning Auslan as a Hearing Individual
Those learning Auslan are predominantly hearing and include parents, teachers, and professionals.
How Long Does It Take to Learn Auslan?
- Basics: 3–6 months
- Conversational skills: 1–2 years
- Fluency: several years
Practice Tips for Beginners
- Practice daily
- Interact with the Deaf community
- Watch Auslan clips and media
Best Auslan Courses & Resources
TAFE Auslan Courses
TAFE colleges throughout Australia provide formal training starting at certificate level to diploma courses, provided to equip teachers to teach Auslan in schools. They are popular because:
- They are nationally recognized
- They follow structured learning outcomes
- Are usually taught by a Deaf teacher
- May lead to interpreter pathways
University Auslan Programs
Several Australian universities offer:
- Auslan language units
- Degrees in interpreting
- Deaf studies programs
University programs are particularly for those who wish to become a professional interpreter or teacher or researcher.
Online Auslan Learning Platforms
These days, even people living in remote pockets of the country can learn Auslan through online lessons. These platforms normally include:
- Video-based lessons
- Interactive practice activities
- Self-paced modules
Free Auslan Resources
If you want to take a stab at learning Auslan, the free resources include:
- Online Auslan sign banks
- Government-funded knowledge materials
- Community workshops
YouTube Channels and Mobile Apps
Visual learners benefit greatly from:
- Deaf creators' YouTube channels
- Portable apps for vocabulary practice
They offer everyday exposure and practice of the material.
Community Learning Groups
Local Deaf clubs and groups provide:
- Conversation practice
- Cultural immersion
- Real-world signing experience
The best way to learn fluency and culture is together in community.
Who Uses Auslan in Australia?
Deaf Community in Australia
Auslan is the largest community language of the Deaf in Australia. Auslan is the first language of many Deaf Australians, and is an important part of that community's cultural identity.
Hearing People Who Use Auslan
There are many Australians who, as hearing people have some signing ability in Auslan:
- Parents of Deaf children
- Associates of Deaf individuals
- Students and volunteers
Interpreters and Educators
Auslan is what interpreters and teachers of the deaf use in their daily work, when interpreting at formal occasions.
Healthcare and Emergency Services
Just on the grounds of safety – to ensure the safety of both provider and receiver, we need Auslan in our hospitals, health centres and emergency services.
Family Members of Deaf Individuals
It is in this context that in many families, parents have decided to engage in learning Auslan to maintain close relationships with their children and even the playing field at home.
Auslan Interpreters in Australia
What Auslan Interpreters Do
An Auslan interpreter is working behind the scenes, trying to accommodate two different needs: those who cannot hear and those that can. They work in:
- Healthcare
- Legal settings
- Education
- Media
- Government services
Where Interpreting is Required
Interpreters are officially required in:
- Courts and legal proceedings
- Medical consultations
- Government services
- Education environments
This is related to disability access and discrimination law.
Becoming an Auslan Interpreter
The typical pathway includes:
- Achieving advanced Auslan fluency
- Completing official interpreter training
- Gaining supervised interpreting experience
- Meeting national specialized standards
Accreditation Bodies in Australia
Skilled translators will abide by national standards and ethical guidelines to guarantee both accuracy and ethics in interpretation.
Job Prospects and Salary
Demand for Auslan interpreting is rising across Australia, and predominantly in the health and education fields.
Auslan in Schools & Universities
Auslan in the Curriculum
Auslan is taught:
- For Deaf children as their first language
- As a second language for hearing learners
The language can now be heard in schools, as well as spoken languages.
Auslan as a Second Language Option
Many hearing school students are now electing to study Auslan as a language, leading to the dismantling of barriers to inclusion and awareness.
Support for Deaf Students
Educational support includes:
- Classroom interpreters
- Learning accommodations
- Visual teaching strategies
- Inclusive education interventions
Deaf children have the right to develop a viable first language through which they learn curriculum content and should be enabled by the provision of bilingual sign and English from an early age.
Differences between Auslan, ASL and BSL
Auslan vs ASL (American Sign Language)
- Different grammar
- Different vocabulary
- Different manual alphabets
ASL has a one-handed alphabet while Auslan uses two hands.
Auslan vs BSL (British Sign Language)
- Common origin
- Modern differences
- Regional signs
Alphabet, Grammar and Vocabulary Differences
Every sign language is fundamentally complex with its unique set of grammatical principles as well as associated cultural connotations.
Why Sign Languages Aren't Universal
Just as any oral language, so too a sign language develops within the context of a local community. There isn't one universal sign language.
Deaf Culture in Australia
What is Deaf Culture?
Deaf culture is a social belief system that accepts deaf people and deafness as a part of the human experience. Deaf culture includes the community values, beliefs, history, language, and behaviours proportionate to those who are either born deaf or became so at an early age.
Etiquette & Getting Attention
- Use visual methods to get attention
- Maintain eye contact
- Speak slowly and clearly when using speech
- Honour interpreters
Community Values & Identity
Values include:
- Mutual support
- Storytelling
- Advocacy
- Respect for Deaf history
Australian Deaf Events & Awareness
Events, such as social groups and Deaf awareness weeks work to create greater inclusion.
Technology & Auslan: Apps, AI & Accessibility
New technologies are having an impact on how Auslan is being learned and used.
Auslan Translation Apps
Apps support:
- Vocabulary learning
- Practice and instruction
- Communication aids
AI Tools Supporting Sign Language
AI is researching:
- Sign recognition
- Automated subtitles
- Translation tasks
AI looks promising, but it should not be a replacement for human interpreters.
Subtitles and Video Relay Services
Subtitles and video relay services provide access to life, education and employment.
Accessibility Laws and Digital Inclusion
The pressure to make content readily available online creates higher demand for captioning and universal design.
Challenges for Auslan Users Today
Though barriers are falling, many obstacles remain.
Interpreter Shortages
The supply is often unable to meet the demand, particularly in rural areas.
Barriers on Accessibility
Public spaces are not always conducive to Auslan use.
Educational and Employment Issues
Deaf people in Australia remain among the most educationally disadvantaged groups.
Problems in Public Awareness
Many do not know how to interact with Deaf people.
Future of Auslan (Australian Sign Language)
Increasing Awareness and Inclusion
There is increasing public awareness regarding Auslan in Australia.
AI and Tech: New Players
Technology is central in teaching and access, but human expertise cannot be replaced.
Government Measures
Accessibility and inclusion are increasingly becoming matters of policy.
Auslan in Mainstream Education
More schools are opening Auslan programs, and the stigma against sign language is fading.
FAQs
What is Australian sign language?
The primary language of the Australian Deaf community is Auslan.
Is Auslan the same as ASL?
No, Auslan and ASL are different languages.
Can hearing people learn Auslan?
Yes. Many Auslan students are hearing.
Is Auslan being taught in schools?
Yes, in many schools and districts.
How many people are using Auslan across Australia?
Every single day, tens of thousands of Australians use Auslan.
Is Auslan hard to learn?
With practice, beginners can get the basics fairly quickly.
Is Auslan the official language of Australia?
Auslan is a recognized community language, but not constitutionally official.
Conclusion: The Significance of Auslan in Australia
There's so much more to Auslan than a method of communication. It's a language, culture and an expression of inclusivity within Australian society. Australians learning about and promoting Auslan are helping to:
- Break down communication barriers
- Promote inclusion
- Respect difference
- Value identity and culture
Whether you're Deaf or hearing, Auslan opens the door to a new world.